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North Carolina LCMHCA Jurisprudence Exam - Test
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1. Exceptions to confidentiality (such as child or elder abuse or neglect, a court order for disclosure, involvement of a DSS worker, or danger to the client or identified others) are carefully explained to the client in the following ways:	Help
During the first phone contact and initial interview At the initial interview and in the Professional Disclosure Statement When one of the exceptions arises in counseling It is better not to share the exceptions so that the client does not withhold information.

2. The LCMHCA's Professional Disclosure Statement is a detailed document which, in addition to the basic information about the counselor's degree, services provided, fees charged, and confidentiality, includes which of the following?	Help
The procedure for registering complaints, including contact information for the Board Level of licensure and name of supervisor Signature and date spaces for both the client and licensee All of the above

3. Ava, a newly licensed clinical mental health counselor associate, was scheduled to see her first client at the women's shelter. In her hurry to arrive on time, she forgot to pack copies of her Professional Disclosure Statement. She decided to provide the counseling and return later with a copy for the client to read and sign. Which of the following statements about Ava is accurate?

Her decision to stay for the client's appointment was justified because being late for an appointment is disrespectful of the client.
She was unable to provide professional counseling services or receive remuneration because the Professional Disclosure Statement was not provided prior to the session.
She gave the client an oral version of her Professional Disclosure Statement and received verbal consent so there was no problem with charging the fee.
She was allowed to use the Professional Disclosure Statement of another LCMHCA who was also on the premises at the shelter.

4. Lawrence, LCMHCA, is earning his supervised clinical hours at a busy emergency room. The staffing is often short-handed and he ends up working a lot of overtime, sometimes up to 60 hours per week. While he enjoys the work very much and hopes to earn his required hours in record time, he does not seem to be aware of the conflict with the Rules in Chapter 53 which state:	Help
An LCMHCA can only earn 40 hours per week of supervised professional experience. For every 40 hours of working, the LCMHCA must have either individual or group supervision. There is no conflict as long as his face-to-face client contact hours do not exceed 40 hours/week. There is no conflict because his supervisor is working at the same ER and available to him as needed.

5. When applying to become a licensed clinical mental health counselor associate, the Verification of Graduate Counseling Experience form must be submitted. The appropriate person to sign this form for the applicant is:	Help
The applicant's supervisor at the practicum/internship site. A university faculty member in the counseling department. The applicant him/herself. Either 1 or 2 is acceptable.

6. Sherrilee, LCMHCA, has been working for the past two years at a child welfare agency. She has accumulated 75 hours of individual supervision. To meet the growing needs of the agency, her supervisor has been asked to switch over to providing only group supervision to her trainees. Which of the following statements about Sherrilee do we know is accurate?	Help
She needs to find another supervisor to provide her the remaining 25 hours of required individual supervision. She will not benefit from group supervision because she is used to individual supervision. She will be able to apply the group supervision hours because they will be no more than the 25% limit for that modality. She can sue the agency and her supervisor for breach of contract.

7. According to the Rules of the Board, the following is allowed when counting hours toward the required 3000 hours of supervised professional practice:	Help
A maximum of 50 of the 100 hours of supervision can be included. A maximum of forty hours per week of supervised professional practice can be counted. Only individual and not group supervision hours can be included. Graduate courses taken in a specialty area can be counted.

8. In each supervisory session, Olivia, LCMHCA, needs to provide her supervisor with "raw data from clinical work". Which of the following modalities would be acceptable?	Help
Audio or video tape of a session Scheduling a session the supervisor can attend as co-therapist Live observation through a one-way mirror All of the above

9. Alisha, LCMHCA, is looking for a "qualified clinical supervisor." She is familiar with one of the licensed clinical social workers at the agency of her internship and was thinking of asking if he would agree to provide supervision. This LCSW would NOT be an acceptable choice because of which of the following:

Although he has five years of post-graduate counseling experience, only two of those years are post licensure.
He is not a licensed clinical mental health counselor in the state of North Carolina.
He has not yet taken a three semester credit, or equivalent, graduate level course in clinical supervision.
He has only 10 contact hours in the field of counseling supervision since his last license renewal.

10. Group supervision is an acceptable modality for a limited amount of the total supervision hours. Which of the following is/are required in order for a group to be counted as acceptable group supervision?	Help
No more than 12 supervisees per group Not less than two hours per session Supervision is face-to-face, i.e., live, interactive, and visual All of the above

11. A licensed clinical mental health counselor associate is preparing documentation for license renewal. The associate earned 15 contact hours at a national conference, including three hours of ethics. They also took a one credit hour seminar course at a local university in substance abuse counseling which was calculated to equal 15 contact hours of continuing education. The renewal deadline is approaching. The best course of action is to file for renewal:

Because they can use 10 of their required LCMHCA supervision hours received towards continuing education.
After completing 10 additional contact hours of continuing education.
Because LCMHCAs only need 30 contact hours of continuing education since it is a restricted license.
With the 30 contact hours earned, and request an extension for completing the remaining 10 contact hours.

12. Davis, LCMHC, was in a car accident and sustained injuries requiring an extended period of surgery and rehabilitation. He is finally able to return to work after four months and realizes he has not completed his required hours of continuing education in time for his approaching license renewal deadline. His best option is to:	Help
Submit his renewal form with a letter enclosed explaining the deficiency. Let his license lapse while earning his needed continuing education hours. Request an extension in writing from the Board. None of the above, he must complete the hours immediately.

13. Which of the following actions is NOT a service allowed under the definition of the "practice of counseling"?	Help
Administering and interpreting tests for assessment of personal characteristics Settlement of conflicts by mediators at community mediation centers Identifying problems requiring referral to other specialists Designing, conducting, and interpreting research with human subjects

14. Which of the following people who may provide counseling within their scope of employment are exempt from licensure as a counselor?	Help
State Board of Education certified school counselors practicing counseling in the school setting Lawyers licensed by the state and performing counseling in the context of their profession Student intern or trainee in counseling under supervision of a licensed mental health professional All of the above

15. Emma, a 23 year old, who was very satisfied with the counseling she was receiving from Ben, LCMHC, referred her roommate to Ben, also. Emma later complained to the Board that during Ben's subsequent sessions with her roommate, information was shared that breached her confidentiality. Which of the following is one of the actions the Board can take during their investigation?	Help
Subpoena individuals and records File a lawsuit against the counselor Arrange for mediation between the client and the counselor Charge Ben for the costs incurred by the Board

16. In Article 24 of the LPC Act, 'Protection of the public' includes a list of grounds for which the Board may deny, suspend, or revoke licensure, discipline, place on probation, require remediation or rehabilitation. Which of the following is NOT grounds for such actions?	Help
Was convicted of a felony or misdemeanor Made misleading or false statements referring to education or licensure Charged fees that are higher than colleagues fees Harassed or abused, sexually or otherwise, a client, student, or supervisee

17. Sasha, LCMHCA, crossed professional boundaries with a client being counseled, by engaging in a sexual encounter. In response to the complaint filed by the client, Sasha admitted to the behavior. When applying for their LCMHC license that same year, however, they failed to disclose the misconduct to the Board. Which of the following statements describes the applicable NC General Statutes under 90-340?

Has engaged in deceit in securing or renewing a license
Has willfully concealed from the Board material information
Neither 1 or 2
Both 1 and 2

18. Dahlia, LCMHCA was submitting her application for licensure as an LCMHC. She disagreed with the total hours that her supervisor was willing to sign for on her Verification of Supervised Professional Practice form, so she changed it after the supervisor signed it. When her action was discovered the Board ordered that none of her counseling experience hours on the falsified form were to be counted. Furthermore, she received a Reprimand which means that there is a public record of the Disciplinary Action and copies are provided to the ACA and the NBCC. Dahlia's most relevant violation was:

Lack of coursework requirements for licensure.
Lack of required hours of supervised counseling experience.
Engaging in deceit in securing a license.
Perpetrating fraud in dealing with the public.

19. Mateo, LCMHC, lives on the border between North and South Carolina and has been licensed in both states for several years. His license was revoked in South Carolina due to client endangerment. Which of the following is true about his working as a counselor in North Carolina?	Help
There is no problem as the two licenses involve two different boards. He is at risk for sanctions by the NCBLCMHC now and may not be able to practice in NC. There is no problem as there are two sets of laws involved. He is automatically not allowed to work in NC.

20. Charlene, LCMHCA, was asked by her supervisor to housesit and take care of her 2 dogs and a cat. The supervisor thought it was a reasonable trade since she has a very nice house with a lovely view and the supervisee lives in a small apartment. The supervisor, however, may have violated the LPC Practice Act and the ACS Code of Ethics by:	Help
Exercising undue influence to exploit the supervisee for her own personal advantage. Not offering to pay the supervisee for the house sitting and dog walking services. Breaching her supervisor-supervisee agreement by taking a vacation. None of the above, this is a fine arrangement because the supervisee agreed to take the offer.

21. A complaint from the Board must be responded to:	Help
By getting a release of information from the client who filed the complaint. After completing any missing parts of the client's record. Promptly, completely, and honestly. Waiting for a second notification because the claim may be dropped.

22. A counselor whose license has been denied or revoked may apply to the Board for licensure after what period of time?	Help
Six months One Year Three years May not reapply at all

23. In order for members of the military or their spouses to become licensed as mental health counselors in North Carolina, which of the following criteria must be met:	Help
Holds a current license in another state whose requirements are equivalent or exceed the licensure requirements for North Carolina Worked as a counselor for 2 of the last 5 years Has not committed an act that would suspend or revoke a license in NC All of the above

24. A female client discloses that her husband has been emotionally and physically abusive to her since they were married three years ago. Understanding the personality dynamics of a domestic violence relationship, and the danger in a partner suddenly leaving without a safety plan, the treatment goals would include addressing her low self-esteem and teaching her how to keep herself safe. Which of the following are ethical principles in the Preamble to the ACA Code of Ethics addressed by this goal?

Autonomy, or fostering the right to control the direction of one's life
Beneficence, or working for the good of the individual and society by promoting mental health and well-being
Nonmaleficence, or avoiding actions that cause harm
All of the above

25. During the three months X was providing counseling services to client AM, X engaged in touching AM's arms, temple, and back of head during the session. X would hug AM at the end of the session, and on one occasion gave AM a big kiss on the cheek when AM was leaving the office. X stated these behaviors were part of their interventions. AM however, had never given permission and there was no documentation in the notes regarding this treatment method. Which of the following areas of the ACA Code of Ethics was X in violation of?

Extending counseling boundaries
Documenting boundary extensions
Client welfare
All of the above

26. Following a complaint by Client X of a dual relationship leading to emotional distress, it was discovered that Tamara, LCMHCA, had included in her counseling record only three case notes during their six month course of counseling, no professional disclosure statement, treatment plan, billing or financial records. This incomplete record violates which of the following?	Help
ACA Code of Ethics NC General Statutes Chapter 53- Board of LCMHC rules All of the above

27. The NC Board of Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselors is very specific in listing the required statements that make up a Professional Disclosure Statement. In the ACA Code of Ethics, however, this document is referred to as:	Help
Client Participation Agreement. Client - Counselor Working Contract. Informed Consent. Professional Disclosure Statement.

28. Jonny, LCMHC, is an elder in his church and frequently provided counseling to members of the church. His counseling often enforced and promoted his belief that homosexuality is a sin, which was based on his Biblical belief. According to the ACA Code of Ethics, which of the following would be the ethical approach to a discussion of homosexuality?	Help
Respecting the diversity of clients Avoiding imposing personal values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors Seeking training in areas in which one is at risk of imposing one's own values onto clients especially when they are discriminatory in nature All of the above

29. Client R had a crush on her counselor, Lowell, LCMHC. This was flattering as well as exciting to Lowell who responded to her texts by sending his own inappropriate text messages that were of a sexual nature. Client R's husband saw the texts and reported the counselor's behavior to the Board. This particular case illustrates ALL BUT WHICH of the following violations of the ACA Code of Ethics and the LPC Act?

Exploitation of a client
Practicing outside boundaries of competence
Sexual relationships with clients
Romantic electronic interactions

30. Client K started counseling in June of 2020 and terminated after 4 months. In 2021 they ran into their counselor at a holiday celebration and, after a friendly conversation, suggested that they see each other again in a more private non-professional setting. Which of the following actions is most consistent with ethical practice for the counselor?	Help
Tell the client that it is unethical for them to have a personal relationship within a five year period. Meet with the client to determine what they actually needs or wants. Suggest that they have dinner together and discuss their concerns. Go to meet the client at the private location, but bring a colleague along.

31. Sara, LCMHCA, spends time on Facebook with friends and family. One of her current clients requests to be her friend in order to send Sara photos of her activities for the purpose of demonstrating her improved mood and interest in life. Sara agrees to friend her. In the next session, the client comments on Sara's own postings. At this point Sara is aware that there may be a perception that she has a personal, although virtual, relationship with this client. To manage this boundary issue Sara decides to:

Ignore further comments received online or in session referring to the online relationship, hoping the client will lose interest.
Request the client keep her online communication to a minimum as Sara is very busy and unable to respond.
Explain that mixing personal and professional relationships is a boundary issue which is prohibited, and that Sara erred in encouraging the online relationship.
Unfriend her client without an explanation so it will look like a mistake.

32. Alonso, LCMHCA, is working at a student counseling center on the campus where he recently earned his master's degree in counseling. One of his first clients, it turns out, is a student he knows from a biology lab in which they were partners as undergraduates several years ago. According to the ACA Code of Ethics, Alonso is ethically required to consider the risks and benefits of accepting this student as a client. If he decides to go forward, he would need to take which of the following steps to ensure that his judgment in the future is not impaired and no exploitation occurs:

Discuss informed consent with a focus on explaining confidentiality and its limits, and offering referral if wanted.
Consult with his supervisor to determine if he has considered all the risks.
Document in the client's record the rationale for making this decision, including potential benefits and anticipated consequences.
All of the above

33. Peter, LCMHCA, was invited to the large, formal wedding and reception of one of his clients with whom he has been working on relationship issues. As Peter considers this example of extending counseling boundaries, he follows which professional precautions to avoid harm:	Help
He picks out an expensive gift because his client has spent a lot on the therapy. He requests that his significant other not come so as not to disclose personal information about his sexual orientation and/or marital status. He Informs the client of the risks to confidentiality and any other possible consequences. He tells the client that the ACA Code of ethics prevents him from attending.

34. Mrs. Garcia has been receiving individual counseling for several months. She would like her spouse to join her now to work on some of their marital issues that she identified in her individual work. Because of the role change, her counselor is aware of the need to provide a new informed consent (Professional Disclosure Statement) to address anticipated consequences in which of the following areas:

Financial
Legal
Therapeutic
All of the above

35. When determining whether to accept a gift from a client, the counselor takes into account:	Help
The monetary value of the gift. The client's motivation for giving the gift. The counselor's motivation for accepting the gift. All of the above.

36. The LCMHCA working at a university counseling center was found by the North Carolina Board of Licensed Mental Health Counselors (NCBLCMHC), to have violated the ACA Code of Ethics regarding their treatment of students. Which of their behaviors below was NOT a violation?	Help
Scheduled student to be seen on a bi-weekly basis. Contacted student's parents without the student's consent Misrepresented counseling credentials by using the title of LCMHC. Used a platform with a student studying abroad that did not meet appropriate encryption standards

37. Anthony, LCMHC, has a private practice with a specialty in working with adolescents. In counseling a 15 year old male, he realized he was feeling angry at the boy's parents who appeared from their son's description to be highly critical and lacking empathy. After a few sessions, Anthony decided to engage the parents in a family meeting, despite the young man's ambivalence. His action was partly based on the ACA Code of Ethics which states:

Parents are the legal guardians and have the right to know everything that occurs in a session.
Parents are responsible for the welfare of their child and as such need to be engaged in the therapy process in some way.
Parents might decide to remove their son from much needed therapy if they are not involved.
Counselors are responsible for getting to the truth if they suspect an adolescent is exaggerating or not taking responsibility for a problem.

38. Respect for confidentiality includes not sharing of client information without appropriate authorization. It is also a breach of confidentiality to do which of the following?	Help
Present a case at a professional conference even with identifying information disguised. Leave mental health records out in plain view or take them home. Discuss session details including name of client with supervisor. All of the above

39. Which of the following statements regarding record keeping is accurate?

Clients have the right to examine confidential information in their record, except when access to this information may cause harm to the client.
Although services provided and session content are required in writing, client progress should not be documented because the client might disagree.
Counseling records should be destroyed immediately when a client is terminated or a client case is closed.
Because the client record is a confidential document, there is less concern about what to include or not include in the counseling notes.

40. Licensed clinical mental health counselors and associates generally meet with a peer group on a regular basis for supervision. Which of the following statements is true about this process?

They can freely discuss clients because these professionals abide by confidentiality within the group.
They need an authorization from their client to discuss the case in this group.
They can discuss their case, but only without disclosing information that reasonably could lead to the identification of their client.
They can freely discuss clients because the group has signed confidentiality contracts.

41. During the course of providing counseling to Client Z and her children, Lorayne, LCMHCA, was asked by the court for an assessment of the family. Not understanding this request, she used some evaluation measures and then sent in a document titled, "psychological evaluation." The evaluation conducted was not completed in accordance with professional standards for performing a psychological evaluation. Which of these violations of the ACA Code of Ethics were of concern to the Board?

She was practicing outside her boundaries of competence because psychological evaluations are done by psychologists trained in such testing.
She was treating both the parent and children which is always a boundary issue.
She was acting in a dual role as treating therapist and evaluator.
Both 1 and 3

42. If a counselor has concerns about whether their personal or professional stress is impacting their practice as a professional counselor, the steps to take according to the ACA Code of Ethics are:	Help
Seek consultation with a colleague. Seek assistance for any specific problems. Limit, suspend, or terminate professional responsibilities, if necessary, until remedied. All of the above

43. Zach, LCMHCA, has completed his supervised professional experience and applied for his license as a licensed clinical mental health counselor. To help him attract clients to his newly established practice once he receives his license, he is asking some of his current and recent clients to make statements which he can post on his website as testimonials. Which of the following statements is true?

Counselors do not solicit testimonials from current or former clients.
Clients may be vulnerable to undue influence.
It is acceptable to use testimonials that are not solicited as long as the implications are explained and permission is received.
All of the above

44. Joseph, LCMHCA, completed a mental health assessment of his client for the purpose of employment with a national security agency. Following the authorized release of the report to the agency, he was again contacted and requested to send his test data for closer review. Joseph's response was to:

Provide the data because it is the client’s right to have his data sent to another party.
Refuse to release the test data as it needs to remain secure for the future validity of the tests.
Tell the agency he would release the data only to a mental health professional that is qualified to interpret the data.
Ignore the request because the agency is so bureaucratic they will probably forget to follow up.

45. Cultural sensitivity is an important part of scoring and interpretation of assessments because of which of the following concerns?	Help
Cultural variations in the terms one uses to describe symptoms Translating from a person's native language may not be accurate or precise Counselor biases which may be out of awareness All of the above

46. Anna, LCMHCA, completed an educational assessment of a 12 year old Haitian boy who had recently immigrated to the U.S. In her clinical interview with him she had considered him above average in intelligence and was surprised at the poor scores he obtained in the testing. Her supervisor reviewed the materials with her and pointed out the most likely explanation for the discrepancy was:	Help
The client was probably malingering so he could get extra attention from adults in the school. Anna had probably scored the tests incorrectly. The tests were not normed on children of his culture. The client may have ADHD and was unable to focus.

47. Josh, LCMHC, who counsels parents in his office regarding behavioral problems with young children, gives them his email address and suggests that they contact him if their behavioral plan is not effective. In that way he can suggest how to revise it for better results without waiting until the next session. In discussing email communication, Josh needs to clarify and inform his clients of several issues. Which of the following would NOT be an issue in this case?

No matter how much one attempts to provide security, breaches are always a possibility with the internet.
It can be difficult to communicate by email because of a time zone differential.
Email communication is not meant to be used in a crisis situation as Josh may or may not read his email after business hours or on weekends.
Misunderstandings can occur through the written medium of email, and in such a situation the counselor will attempt to clarify the communication.

48. When providing distance counseling via telephone, which of the following is/are important to consider?	Help
Clarifying emergency procedures when the counselor is not available Cultural and/or language differences that may affect communication Assisting the client in finding local services if the telephone counseling is not satisfactory All of the above

49. Issues the counselor keeps in mind when providing distance counseling include:	Help
Verification of the client's identity. Limitations of confidentiality. Meeting encryption standards. All of the above

50. When there is an ethical dilemma and the laws and the ethics code are at variance, which statement describes the correct action according to the ACA Code of Ethics?

The counselor must follow the directive of the agency since that is the employer, even if this causes conflict for the counselor.
Client confidentiality always takes priority because that falls under both the Legal and the Ethics Codes.
The counselor states their commitment to the ACA Code of Ethics, takes steps to resolve the conflict, and if necessary, may adhere to the law.
This is a moot question because Laws and Ethics are basically the same and it will not ever be a problem.

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